Gaddang sounds

The Gaddang language is related to Ibanag, Itawis, Malaueg and others. It is distinct in that it features phonemes not present in many neighboring Philippine languages. As an example the "f","v","z" and "j" sounds appear in Gaddang. There are notable differences from other languages in the distinction between "r" and "l", and the "f" sound is a voiceless bilabial fricative somewhat distinct from the fortified "p" sound common in many Philippine languages (but not much closer to the English voiceless labiodental fricative). Finally, the (Spanish) minimally-voiced "J" sound has evolved to a plosive (so the name "Joseph" sounds to the American ear as "Kosip").

Vowels
Most Gaddang speakers use six vowel sounds: ä, a , ï , i , y , u , e , ю , o , γ , ʊ , ɔ , и , ë , œ , ü , э , ɛ , ə , ʌ

Consonants
Gaddang features doubled consonants, so the language may sound guttural to Tagalog, Ilokano, and even Pangasinan speakers. The uniqueness of this circumstance is often expressed by saying Gaddang speakers have "a hard tongue" For example: tudda (tood-duh) which means rice.

Most Gaddang speakers use six consonant sounds: b, c , d , f , g , h , j , k , l , m , n , ŋ , p , q , r , s , t , v , w , x , z , ɣ , д , ђ , л , й , ṛ , ʋ , ċ , ш , щ , ч , ц , п , ḷ , ф , ћ

Phonology
Gaddang is also one of the Philippine languages which is excluded from - allophone.